Java璇█鍏ラ棬涓庤繘闃舵瑙?/p>涓€銆丣ava绠€浠嬩笌瀹夎鐜閰嶇疆

Java锛岀敱Sun Microsystems鍦?995骞存帹鍑虹殑闈㈠悜瀵硅薄鐨勩€佽法骞冲彴鐨勭紪绋嬭瑷€锛屾棬鍦ㄦ彁楂樺紑鍙戞晥鐜囧苟纭繚绋嬪簭鐨勫彲绉绘鎬у拰瀹夊叏鎬с€傝寮€濮婮ava鐨勫涔犱箣鏃咃紝棣栧厛寰椾笅杞藉苟瀹夎Java寮€鍙戝伐鍏峰寘锛圝DK锛夈€?/p>

瀹夎JDK锛?/p>

璁块棶Oracle瀹樼綉锛屼笅杞戒笌鎿嶄綔绯荤粺鐩稿尮閰嶇殑JDK瀹夎鍖呫€傝繍琛屽畨瑁呯▼搴忓悗锛屾寜鐓ф彁绀哄畬鎴愬畨瑁呮祦绋嬨€傞厤缃幆澧冨彉閲忎互纭繚绯荤粺鑳藉璇嗗埆Java銆?/p>浜屻€丣ava鍩烘湰璇硶涓庢暟鎹被鍨?/h3>

Java鐨勮娉曠畝娲佹槑浜嗭紝鏄撲簬涓婃墜銆傚畠鏀寔鍩烘湰绫诲瀷鍜屽紩鐢ㄧ被鍨嬨€?/p>

鍩烘湰绫诲瀷绀轰緥锛?/p>

`int age = 25;`

`double height = 1.75;`

`boolean isStudent = true;`

杩欎簺鍩烘湰绫诲瀷鍗犵敤鍥哄畾鐨勫唴瀛樼┖闂淬€?/p>

寮曠敤绫诲瀷绀轰緥锛?/p>

`String name = "John Doe";`

寮曠敤绫诲瀷鍒欏崰鐢ㄥ爢鍐呭瓨绌洪棿銆?/p>涓夈€佹帶鍒剁粨鏋勪笌娴佺▼鎿嶄綔

Java鎻愪緵浜嗗绉嶆帶鍒剁粨鏋勶紝甯姪寮€鍙戣€呰繘琛屾潯浠跺垽鏂€佸惊鐜搷浣滃拰鍒嗘敮澶勭悊銆?/p>

鏉′欢璇彞绀轰緥锛?/p>

`if (age > 18) { System.out.println("You are an adult."); }`

寰幆璇彞绀轰緥锛?/p>

`for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) { System.out.println("Iteration: " + i); }`

鍒嗘敮璇彞绀轰緥锛堜娇鐢╯witch锛夛細

鏍规嵁骞撮緞鐨勪笉鍚岋紝绋嬪簭浼氳緭鍑轰笉鍚岀殑淇℃伅銆?/p>鍥涖€侀潰鍚戝璞＄紪绋嬪熀纭€

闈㈠悜瀵硅薄缂栫▼锛圤OP锛夌殑鏍稿績鍖呮嫭绫汇€佸璞°€佸皝瑁呫€佺户鎵垮拰澶氭€併€?/p>

绫讳笌瀵硅薄绀轰緥锛圫tudent绫伙級锛?/p>

杩欎釜绫绘弿杩颁簡瀛︾敓鐨勫睘鎬у拰琛屼负銆傞€氳繃鍒涘缓瀵硅薄锛屽彲浠ュ疄渚嬪寲鍏蜂綋鐨勫鐢燂紝濡傗€淛ohn Doe鈥濄€?/p>浜斻€丣ava寮€鍙戝伐鍏蜂笌鐜

Eclipse涓嶪ntelliJ IDEA浠嬬粛锛?/p>

杩欎袱娆惧伐鍏烽兘鏄疛ava寮€鍙戣€呯殑棣栭€塈DE銆傚畠浠彁渚涗簡涓板瘜鐨勫姛鑳斤紝濡備唬鐮佹彁绀恒€佽皟璇曘€侀噸鏋勭瓑銆?/p>

浠ｇ爜缂栬緫涓庤皟璇曞疄璺碉細

鍦↖DE涓紝浣犲彲浠ヨ交鏉剧紪鍐欍€佷繚瀛樺拰杩愯Java浠ｇ爜銆傞€氳繃璋冭瘯鍔熻兘锛岃繕鍙互妫€鏌ュ苟淇浠ｇ爜涓殑閿欒銆?/p>鍏€侀」鐩鐞嗗伐鍏峰Git锛?/h3>

Git鏄増鏈帶鍒跺伐鍏凤紝鍙互甯姪寮€鍙戣€呯鐞嗕唬鐮佺殑鐗堟湰鍜屽崗浣滃紑鍙戙€?/p>涓冦€侀潰鍚戝璞＄紪绋嬭繘闃垛€斺€旂户鎵夸笌澶氭€?/h3>

缁ф壙鍏佽鍒涘缓鏂扮被浠庣幇鏈夌被缁ф壙灞炴€у拰鏂规硶锛涘鎬佸垯鍏佽瀵硅薄浠ュ绉嶅舰寮忚〃鐜帮紝涓哄紑鍙戣€呮彁渚涗簡鏇村ぇ鐨勭伒娲绘€у拰鎵╁睍鎬с€侸ava鐨勭户鎵夸笌鎺ュ彛鎶借薄鍙婂叾璁捐妯″紡鍩虹

鍦↗ava缂栫▼涓紝缁ф壙鏄竴绉嶉噸瑕佺殑鏈哄埗锛屽畠浣垮緱瀛愮被鑳藉缁ф壙鐖剁被鐨勫睘鎬у拰鏂规硶銆備互涓嬫槸涓€涓畝鍗曠殑缁ф壙绀轰緥锛?/p>

```java

class Animal {

void eat() {

System.out.println("Eating...");

}

}

class Dog extends Animal {

void bark() {

System.out.println("Woof!");

}

}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Animal myAnimal = new Animal();

myAnimal.eat();

Dog myDog = new Dog();

myDog.eat(); // 璋冪敤鐖剁被鐨別at鏂规硶

myDog.bark(); // 璋冪敤鑷韩鐨刡ark鏂规硶

}

}

```

鎺ュ彛鏄疛ava涓殑涓€涓噸瑕佺壒鎬э紝瀹冨畾涔変簡涓€缁勬柟娉曪紝浠讳綍瀹炵幇璇ユ帴鍙ｇ殑绫婚兘蹇呴』瀹炵幇杩欎簺鏂规硶銆備緥濡傦細

```java

interface Flyable {

void fly();

}

class Bird implements Flyable {

public void fly() {

System.out.println("Flying...");

}

}

```

鎶借薄绫绘槸涓嶈兘琚疄渚嬪寲鐨勭被锛屽畠鍖呭惈鑷冲皯涓€涓娊璞℃柟娉曘€備緥濡傦細 鎶借薄绫籄nimal涓殑makeSound鏂规硶鏄娊璞＄殑锛岄渶瑕佸瓙绫绘潵瀹炵幇銆?鎶借薄绫荤殑涓昏鐩殑鏄负瀛愮被鎻愪緵涓€涓€氱敤鐨勬鏋躲€備緥濡傦細 鎶借薄绫籄nimal鍜孌og涔嬮棿鐨勫叧绯汇€傜悊瑙ｄ竴浜涘熀鏈殑璁捐妯″紡锛屽宸ュ巶妯″紡銆佽瀵熻€呮ā寮忓拰鍗曚緥妯″紡鏄潪甯搁噸瑕佺殑銆傚伐鍘傛ā寮忕ず渚嬩腑鐨凷hapeFactory灏辨槸涓€涓吀鍨嬬殑宸ュ巶妯″紡銆?涓夈€丣ava绫诲簱涓庡父鐢ㄦ鏋舵杩?Java绫诲簱鍖呭惈涓板瘜鐨凙PI锛屽闆嗗悎妗嗘灦銆両/O鎿嶄綔鍜屽畨鍏ㄦ満鍒剁瓑銆備緥濡傦紝闆嗗悎妗嗘灦涓殑ArrayList鏄竴涓父鐢ㄧ殑鍔ㄦ€佹暟缁勫疄鐜般€係pring妗嗘灦鏄疛ava涓祦琛岀殑寮€婧愭鏋讹紝鐢ㄤ簬鏋勫缓浼佷笟绾у簲鐢ㄣ€傞€氳繃Spring妗嗘灦锛屽紑鍙戣€呭彲浠ユ洿瀹规槗鍦扮鐞嗕笟鍔″璞″強鍏朵緷璧栧叧绯伙紝淇冭繘搴旂敤绋嬪簭鐨勫紑鍙戝拰娴嬭瘯銆侸ava鐨勭户鎵裤€佹帴鍙ｃ€佹娊璞＄被浠ュ強璁捐妯″紡閮芥槸Java缂栫▼涓殑鍏抽敭姒傚康銆傜啛缁冩帉鎻¤繖浜涙蹇靛苟缁撳悎Java绫诲簱鍜屽父鐢ㄦ鏋讹紝灏嗘湁鍔╀簬寮€鍙戣€呮瀯寤洪珮鏁堛€佺ǔ瀹氱殑搴旂敤绋嬪簭銆?鍩烘湰閰嶇疆姒傝

鍦⊿pring妗嗘灦涓紝ApplicationContext鏄竴涓牳蹇冩帴鍙ｏ紝瀹冩彁渚涗簡璁块棶閰嶇疆鍜屽凡娉ㄥ唽bean鐨勬柟娉曘€備互涓嬫槸涓€涓畝鍗曠殑Spring閰嶇疆绀轰緥锛?/p>

```java

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");

MyBean myBean = (MyBean) context.getBean("myBean");

myBean.doSomething();

}

}

```

Maven椤圭洰鐨勭鐞嗕笌鏋勫缓鑹烘湳

Maven鏄疛ava椤圭洰鐨勬瀯寤恒€佺鐞嗗拰閮ㄧ讲鐨勫緱鍔涘姪鎵嬨€傚湪Maven椤圭洰涓紝浣犲彲浠ュ湪`pom.xml`鏂囦欢涓厤缃」鐩殑璇︾粏淇℃伅銆佷緷璧栫鐞嗗拰鏋勫缓娴佺▼銆備緥濡傦細

```xml

...

com.example

myproject

1.0-SNAPSHOT

...

org.springframework

spring-context

5.3.15

...

...

```

Java Web寮€鍙戯細浠嶴ervlet涓嶫SP鍒癝pring MVC

Servlet妗嗘灦涓哄姩鎬乄eb搴旂敤鎻愪緵浜嗗熀纭€锛岃€孞SP鍒欐槸鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ鎵ц鐨凧ava妯℃澘鎶€鏈€備竴涓畝鍗曠殑Servlet绀轰緥濡備笅锛?/p>

```java

import javax.servlet.;

import javax.servlet.http.;

import java.io.IOException;

public class HelloWorldServlet extends HttpServlet {

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

response.getWriter().println("Hello, World!");

}

}

```

鑰孲pring MVC鍒欒繘涓€姝ョ畝鍖栦簡MVC鏋舵瀯鐨勫紑鍙戙€備緥濡傦細

```java

@Configuration

public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

@Override

public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {

registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");

}

}

@Controller

public class MyController {

@GetMapping("/index")

public String index(Model model) {

model.addAttribute("message", "Hello, World!");

return "index";

}

}

```

鏁版嵁搴撻泦鎴愶細浠嶫DBC鍒癘RM鎶€鏈?/p>

JDBC鏄疛ava璁块棶鏁版嵁搴撶殑鏍囧噯鏂瑰紡锛岃€孫RM鎶€鏈紙濡侶ibernate銆丮yBatis绛夛級鍒欑畝鍖栦簡瀵硅薄涓庢暟鎹簱琛ㄤ箣闂寸殑鏄犲皠銆備娇鐢∣RM鎶€鏈紝浣犲彲浠ユ洿楂樻晥鍦扮鐞嗘暟鎹簱鎿嶄綔锛屽噺灏戠紪鍐橲QL璇彞鐨勭箒鐞愬伐浣溿€侸DBC绀轰緥閲嶆瀯

寮曞叆Java鐨凧DBC搴擄紝璁╂垜浠紑濮嬩竴涓畝鍗曠殑鏁版嵁搴撹繛鎺ョず渚嬨€?/p>

```java

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import java.sql.Statement;

public class DatabaseConnector {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Connection connection = null;

Statement statement = null;

ResultSet resultSet = null;

try {

// 鍔犺浇鏁版嵁搴撻┍鍔?/p>

Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");

// 寤虹珛鏁版嵁搴撹繛鎺?/p>

connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb", "user", "password");

statement = connection.createStatement();

// 鎵ц鏌ヨ璇彞

resultSet = statement.executeQuery("SELECT FROM mytable");

while (resultSet.next()) {

System.out.println(resultSet.getString("column_name")); // 杈撳嚭鏌ヨ缁撴灉涓殑鏌愪竴鍒楁暟鎹?/p>

}

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { // 澶勭悊椹卞姩鏈壘鍒板紓甯?/p>

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (SQLException e) { // 澶勭悊鏁版嵁搴撴搷浣滃紓甯?/p>

e.printStackTrace();

} finally { // 鍏抽棴璧勬簮锛岄伩鍏嶈祫婧愭硠闇?/p>

try {

if (resultSet != null) resultSet.close();

if (statement != null) statement.close();

if (connection != null) connection.close(); // 鍏抽棴鏁版嵁搴撹繛鎺ュ拰娓呯悊璧勬簮

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace(); // 杈撳嚭寮傚父淇℃伅鎴栬繘涓€姝ュ鐞嗗紓甯搁€昏緫浠ｇ爜鍧楄繘琛屽紓甯稿鐞嗘搷浣溿€傝繖閲屽彲浠ユ姏鍑哄紓甯告垨鑰呰褰曟棩蹇楃瓑銆? }

}

}

}

``` 鎺ヤ笅鏉ワ紝鎴戜滑灏嗛拡瀵笿ava椤圭洰瀹炴垬杩涜涓€浜涘叏闈㈢殑璁茶В鍜屾渚嬪垎鏋愩€?/p>

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